Lesson 8: Art and Propaganda
What is the difference between art and propaganda?
One of the most interesting intersections between the arts and psychology has been in the areas of persuasion and propaganda. Propaganda is a specific type of persuasive message presentation aimed at serving an agenda. 'to propagate' (actively spread) a specific point of view or an idea.
Distinguishing propaganda it isn't always simple. We all know this as a clear example of propaganda -
Click for Image Source Links to an external site.
but what about the following 4 images:
Jean Auguste Dominque Ingres's Napolean I on his Imperial Throne Links to an external site.
Pollock's Autumn Rhythm Links to an external site.
Picasso's Guernica Links to an external site.
"Fun" Political Meme?
Click for Image Source Links to an external site.
We may believe that we are clear when an art object or text has crossed the line but history shows us it isn't so simple. In fact, after a publication in 1974 revealed that the CIA had been using work by abstract impressionists like Jackson Pollock Links to an external site.- the question became --- is all art propaganda? The idea that abstract impression and other forms of modern art were "free from its traditional patron groups of monarchy, aristocracy and government" (Clark, 1997, p. 8) was now being co-opted to promote American values abroad.
Thus, the question of whether art could be free from propaganda at all emerged. If it can't, is there a possibility of "good" propaganda or anti-propaganda propaganda? (Clark, 1997).
Take a few minutes to take some notes: Identify a few principles distinguishing art from propaganda.
A Few Propaganda techniques:
Bandwagon: the assumption that the opinion of the majority is always valid: that is, everyone believes it, so you should too; Everyone is doing it so should you!
Testimonials: Invoking the support of well-known public figures to Persuade. Lady Gaga is doing it so should you!
Glittering Generalities: Use of vague and empty - but attractive and/ or comforting language to associate with a product or idea. Think Freedom Fries. Be free and fancy and full of fun with (insert product here)!
Transfer: Persuading by transferring good feelings about one thing on to a product or idea. This is why hot models stand next to cars. I’ll just stand next to Mother Teresa and ask you to do it.
Plain Folks: The persuader is just like you so he/she can empathize with your situation and you should vote/buy/think/support the object of their
persuasion. Hey, I'm just like so I know you should do this!
Name Calling: Attempt at persuasion by insulting the person instead of rational argument. If you don’t buy this you are a communist!
TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: Propaganda
Art is powerful and the power of art can be inspiring or insidious. It's power to evoke emotion, alter persuasion, and stay remain in our memories forever gives it persuasive power.
Don't forget to TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE: Does Art Influence Us? Three Minute Quiz
The point of power is always now and always with yourself. Think! Consciously choose Solso's option 2 before committing to an idea.
Image Source :Link Links to an external site.